A vital consideration that shapes the scope of a project is the audience for the products that students will produce. An audience of community members or expert adults for a final presentation raises the stakes for students and elicits the best performances.

Similarly, an audience composed only of members of the class generally will not evoke the same effort or produce the same results. But a project with an authentic audience may also require more time for students to master project outcomes and prepare for a successful culminating presentation.

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